Scales

Indexicality (Actual Contact) (IDXACT)

The Indexicality (Actual Contact) (IDXACT) scale is a 3-item psychometric measure developed by Kent Grayson...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Iconicity with Old Things (ICONOLD)

A comprehensive academic psychometric profile of the Iconicity with Old Things (ICONOLD) scale developed by...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Iconicity with History

An in-depth academic review of the Iconicity with History (ICONHIS) scale developed by Kent Grayson...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Iconicity with Fiction (ICONFIC)

The Iconicity with Fiction (ICONFIC) scale, developed by Kent Grayson and Radan Martinec (2004), is...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Indexical Authenticity Evidence (IAE)

Comprehensive academic guide and psychometric review of the Indexical Authenticity Evidence (IAE) scale developed by...

September 16, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Object Essence Perception (OEP)

A comprehensive academic analysis of the Object Essence Perception (OEP) scale developed by Smith, Newman,...

September 12, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Perceived Brand Essence Scale (PBES)

A comprehensive psychometric guide to the Perceived Brand Essence Scale (PBES) developed by Newman and...

September 12, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti
Scales

Authenticity Scale (AS)

The Authenticity Scale (AS; Wood et al., 2008) is a 12-item psychometric instrument measuring human...

September 7, 2026 • Dr. Mohammed Looti